Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Dynamics in Response to Diverse Real-World Particulate Matter Air Pollution

Ambient air pollution is the second leading cause of noncommunicable diseases globally, estimated to cause 4.2 million premature deaths each year (WHO 2019). As a major environmental health risk, it exacerbates respiratory diseases like COPD and asthma. Most studies use standardized particulate matter (PM) samples, but real-world PM is compositionally diverse. Our preliminary data reveal that PM from distinct geographical locations triggers unique inflammatory responses.

We focus on the immunogenic effects of PM on neutrophils, particularly in promoting Neutrophil Extracellular Trap (NET) formation, a process linked to tissue damage. To quantify NETs accurately, we have developed a simple, robust image analysis script for single-color microscopy that differentiates NETs from other forms of cell death, addressing a gap in current methodologies. Our tool allows precise and reproducible NET quantification.

Our approach is accessible for low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where pollution exposure and respiratory disease burdens are high, offering a scalable solution for immediate and accurate NET analysis across various microscopy systems.

Poster presented as part of the Crick BioImage Analysis Symposium 2024.

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