posted on 2020-06-05, 15:39authored byElias ElInati, Agata P Zielinska, Afshan McCarthy, Nada Kubikova, Valdone Maciulyte, Shantha Mahadevaiah, Mahesh N Sangrithi, Obah Ojarikre, Dagan Wells, Kathy K Niakan, Melina Schuh, James MA Turner
DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are toxic to mammalian cells. However, during meiosis, more than 200 DSBs are generated deliberately, to ensure reciprocal recombination and orderly segregation of homologous chromosomes. If left unrepaired, meiotic DSBs can cause aneuploidy in gametes and compromise viability in offspring. Oocytes in which DSBs persist are therefore eliminated by the DNA-damage checkpoint. Here we show that the DNA-damage checkpoint eliminates oocytes via the pro-apoptotic BCL-2 pathway members Puma, Noxa and Bax. Deletion of these factors prevents oocyte elimination in recombination-repair mutants, even when the abundance of unresolved DSBs is high. Remarkably, surviving oocytes can extrude a polar body and be fertilised, despite chaotic chromosome segregation at the first meiotic division. Our findings raise the possibility that allelic variants of the BCL-2 pathway could influence the risk of embryonic aneuploidy.
Funding
Crick (Grant ID: 10193, Grant title: Turner FC001193)
Crick (Grant ID: 10120, Grant title: Niakan FC001120)
European Research Council (Grant ID: 647971 - Xchromosome, Grant title: ERC 647971 - Xchromosome)