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Download fileSomatically hypermutated Plasmodium-specific IgM+ memory B cells are rapid, plastic, early responders upon malaria rechallenge
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posted on 2020-08-20, 16:25 authored by Akshay T Krishnamurty, Christopher D Thouvenel, Silvia Portugal, Gladys J Keitany, Karen S Kim, Anthony Holder, Peter D Crompton, David J Rawlings, Marion PepperHumoral immunity consists of pre-existing antibodies expressed by long-lived plasma cells and rapidly reactive memory B cells (MBC). Recent studies of MBC development and function after protein immunization have uncovered significant MBC heterogeneity. To clarify functional roles for distinct MBC subsets during malaria infection, we generated tetramers that identify Plasmodium-specific MBCs in both humans and mice. Long-lived murine Plasmodium-specific MBCs consisted of three populations: somatically hypermutated immunoglobulin M(+) (IgM(+)) and IgG(+) MBC subsets and an unmutated IgD(+) MBC population. Rechallenge experiments revealed that high affinity, somatically hypermutated Plasmodium-specific IgM(+) MBCs proliferated and gave rise to antibody-secreting cells that dominated the early secondary response to parasite rechallenge. IgM(+) MBCs also gave rise to T cell-dependent IgM(+) and IgG(+)B220(+)CD138(+) plasmablasts or T cell-independent B220(-)CD138(+) IgM(+) plasma cells. Thus, even in competition with IgG(+) MBCs, IgM(+) MBCs are rapid, plastic, early responders to a secondary Plasmodium rechallenge and should be targeted by vaccine strategies.
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AnimalsAntibody AffinityAntigens, ProtozoanB-Lymphocyte SubsetsB-LymphocytesCells, CulturedEpitopesFemaleHumansImmunity, HumoralImmunization, SecondaryImmunoglobulin MImmunologic MemoryMalariaMalaria VaccinesMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMice, TransgenicPlasmodiumSomatic Hypermutation, ImmunoglobulinT-LymphocytesHolder FC001097Immunology1107 Immunology