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A succession of two viral lattices drives vaccinia virus assembly.

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posted on 2023-03-15, 10:41 authored by Miguel Hernandez-Gonzalez, Thomas Calcraft, Andrea Nans, Peter B Rosenthal, Michael Way
During its cytoplasmic replication, vaccinia virus assembles non-infectious spherical immature virions (IVs) coated by a viral D13 lattice. Subsequently, IV mature into infectious brick-shaped intracellular mature virions (IMVs) that lack D13. Here, we performed cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET) of frozen-hydrated vaccinia-infected cells to structurally characterise the maturation process in situ. During IMV formation, a new viral core forms inside IV with a wall consisting of trimeric pillars arranged in a new pseudohexagonal lattice. This lattice appears as a palisade in cross-section. As maturation occurs, which involves a 50% reduction in particle volume, the viral membrane becomes corrugated as it adapts to the newly formed viral core in a process that does not appear to require membrane removal. Our study suggests that the length of this core is determined by the D13 lattice and that the consecutive D13 and palisade lattices control virion shape and dimensions during vaccinia assembly and maturation.

Funding

Crick (Grant ID: CC2096, Grant title: Way CC2096) Crick (Grant ID: CC20106, Grant title: Rosenthal CC2106) Crick (Grant ID: CC1068, Grant title: STP Structural Biology)

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